R is for Robert, or is it Roger … or maybe Romeo?

Posted By on November 7, 2016

ZenithTransOceanicA learning game we played while traveling by car was to spell things out using the NATO phonetic alphabet. Both Katelyn and Taylor did a great job learning it … and I think to this day they remember it. Give it a try if you need a way to pass the time AND practice for spelling tests in a unique way!

Also being a General Class amateur radio operator (K4RDC), I’m generally intrigued when reading the history stories that pertain to radio (was a shortwave listener as a young boy and even built my own!). I thought this Popular Mechanics story about “Roger that” was pretty interesting, as well as learning that “R” was “Robert” before “Roger” and before “Romeo” (current).

“Roger” comes from the phonetic alphabet used by military and aviation personnel during WWII, when the use of two-way radios became a main form of communication and WW2PhoneticAlphabetJustoperators need crystal clear ways to spell things out with no room for misinterpretation. You may be familiar with the current NATO version of the phonetic alphabet (Alpha, Bravo, Charlie), where the the word for “R” is Romeo, but before that standard was adopted in 1957, the words were a bit different, and the word for “R” was “Roger.”

But the use of “Roger” as a confirmation has roots that go back even further. In the Morse code days, when sending long messages could be arduous, a useful shorthand was to respond with single, meaningful letters. Responding to a message with the letter “R,” for instance, simply let the sender know that their message had been received. When two-way radio came along, the shorthand continued, but with the word “Roger” instead of “R” itself.

Even though Roger has since been replaced with Romeo (and was “Robert” before it was ever Roger), the widespread use of the two-ray radio during the WWII wildly popularized the saying we are still use so casually today. Roger that?

LINK

One last uncomforting look at our presidential choices

Posted By on November 6, 2016

As someone who politically grew up at a time when Ronald Reagan instilled optimism in America and in Americans, I am disgusted and embarrassed to to watch and vote for the “least worst” person running for president. rockemsockemtrumpclintonOn this coming Tuesday, or for many mailing in absentee or early voting, we’ll be doing just that … and we can only hope the next president does a better job of unifying our country than the man who has served the last 8 years, President Obama. For those needing a refresher on each of our presidential candidates or maybe just wanting to share information that is unbiased toward either candidate, I’ll include two recent Wall Street Journal pieces that I’m sure neither party really want voters to see. Neither gives me a great deal of confidence that the next 4 years will be without turmoil or be unifying. All I’m hoping for at this point is for conditions that stimulate economic growth and better opportunity … and keeping our country and our fellow citizens secure. Anything beyond that will be a surprise bonus.

Wall Street Journal Opinion:

Americans go to the polls next week facing what millions believe is the worst presidential choice of their lifetimes. As we wrote after Donald Trump won the Indiana primary in May, the New Yorker and Hillary Clinton are both deeply flawed. But one of them will be the next President, so in the next two days we’ll try to summarize the risks—and the fainter hopes—of each candidacy in turn.

Trump is political disruption. A broken Washington needs to be shaken up and refocused on the public good, and who better to do it than an outsider beholden to neither political party? If only that reform possibility didn’t arrive as a flawed personality who has few convictions and knows little about the world.

The Costs of Clinton

Start with Mrs. Clinton because the costs of her Presidency are easier to see in advance. To wit, she would continue President Obama’s progressive march to a French-style welfare and regulatory state. On nearly every domestic issue, she has embraced Mr. Obama’s agenda and moved left from there.She wants higher taxes, more spending on entitlements that are already unaffordable, more subsidies and price controls in ObamaCare, more regulations on businesses of all kinds, more limits on political speech, more enforcement of liberal cultural values on schools and churches.The greatest cost of this would be more lost years of slow economic growth. The U.S. economy hasn’t grown by 3% in any year since 2005, and the explanation from Mrs. Clinton’s economic advisers is that America can’t grow faster and inequality is a bigger problem in any case. More income redistribution is their patent medicine.

The Gamble of Trump

The best hope for a Trump Presidency is that he has aligned himself with enough sound policy impulses that he could liberate the U.S. economy to grow faster again. He would stop the crush of new regulation, restore a freer market for health insurance, unleash U.S. energy production, and reform the tax code. His default priority would be growth, which the U.S. desperately needs after a decade of progressive focus on income redistribution and the worst economic recovery in 70 years.Assuming Republicans hold Congress, the House GOP has already put many of these reforms in legislative language. Mr. Trump could adopt them as his own reform agenda and get a fast start on governing. With a GOP Senate he could fill Antonin Scalia’s seat on the Supreme Court with someone from the fine list of candidates he has publicly released. For many voters, the future of the Court is by itself enough reason to support Mr. Trump.

But as we’ve seen with the rise of nativism and protectionism, the costs of slow growth are corrosive. Flat incomes lead to more social tension and political enmity. The fight to divide a smaller pie would get uglier in a country that was once accustomed to rising possibilities. Imagine the 2020 election after four more years of 1% growth.Some Republicans say Mrs. Clinton would be more willing to negotiate with them than Mr. Obama has been. That’s a low bar, and during the 2016 campaign she hasn’t thrown a single policy olive branch to Republicans. None. Her current agenda may reflect her real beliefs going back to her activist days before the failure of HillaryCare caused her to adopt some New Democratic coloration. In 2017 she would also have Senators Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders pulling her to the left.Mrs. Clinton would also be less restrained by the courts. Mr. Obama has remade most of the federal appellate bench, and the Supreme Court is on the cusp. A Hillary victory means progressive judicial domination for a generation or more. This would mean more green lights for the abusive rule by regulation that has characterized Mr. Obama’s second term—and little chance to block the likes of his immigration order or Clean Power Plan.

Mrs. Clinton’s clearest advantage over Mr. Trump is on foreign policy, where she has shown more respect for America’s role in maintaining global order. She has sometimes shown more hawkish instincts than Mr. Obama, but then she also embraced his worst mistakes: the reset with Russia that badly misjudged Vladimir Putin, the nuclear deal with Iran, the withdrawal from Iraq in 2011, and the abandonment of Libya after Europe and the U.S. toppled Moammar Gadhafi.Even if she wants to revive U.S. leadership abroad, however, there is the question of means. Her entitlement expansions and higher taxes would squeeze the economic growth and budget space needed to finance more defense spending. This is Western Europe on the installment plan.

Lurking behind all this, as we’ve seen these past two weeks, is the familiar pattern of scandal fed by her penchant for secrecy and political paranoia. As journalist Carl Bernstein has noted, she shares Richard Nixon’s “obsession with enemies.” She surrounds herself with henchmen like Sidney Blumenthal and David Brock, who feed her instinct to stonewall and attack.The most astonishing revelation of the 2016 campaign has been that neither she nor her husband learned anything from the ethical traumas of the 1990s. You would have thought they’d want to shed the legacy of the Lippo Group and the Lincoln-Bedroom-for-rent, but instead they built the same pay-to-play structure via the Clinton Foundation.Mrs. Clinton made the astounding decision to use a private email server for official business so she could duck federal records laws. But when that was discovered, rather than admit the mistake and release everything, she and her retinue continued to resist and deflect and deceive. By her behavior in the past year, Mrs. Clinton has ratified the worst things her critics say about her.

Some of our friends argue that Mrs. Clinton’s corruption is tolerable because it is merely about gaining and maintaining political power. This understates how much the Clinton blending of public office with private gain erodes confidence in honest government. It feeds the leftist narrative that business is merely another arm of the state and thus reduces support for free markets.***

All of which means that if she does win on Tuesday, the manner of her victory would damage her ability to govern. Rather than win a policy mandate, she has chosen to destroy Mr. Trump personally. She would face a Congress that wants to investigate her from the first day and an electorate that is polarized and doesn’t trust her. Her instinct would be to lean even more on the left for political support, making compromise with Republicans in Congress even more difficult.We’re as optimistic as anyone about the resilience of American democracy, but four more years of aggressive progressive rule would more deeply entrench the federal Leviathan across ever more of the economy and civic life. The space for private business and nonpolitical mediating social institutions would shrink.The case for Mrs. Clinton over Donald Trump is that she is a familiar member of the elite and thus less of a jump into the unknown, especially on foreign policy. The case against her is everything we know about her political history.

WSJ link

Yet while this could be a 1980-like moment of economic renewal, Mr. Trump is no Ronald Reagan. The Gipper came to office with a coherent and firmly held world view formed by decades of reading and experience as a Governor. It isn’t obvious that Mr. Trump reads anything at all. He absorbs what he knows through conversation and watching TV, and he has no consistent philosophy.

This makes it hard to predict how he would respond to the shocks and surprises that buffet any President. His firmest policy conviction seems to be that trade is a zero-sum game and that America is losing from global commerce. But if he follows through on his vow to withdraw from trade pacts, impose tariffs on imports and punish U.S. companies that invest abroad, he could cause a recession. The main economic battle in a Trump Administration would be between his pro-growth domestic reforms and his anti-growth trade policy.

***

The strongest argument against Mr. Trump, as Hillary Clinton has recognized, concerns his temperament and political character. His politics is almost entirely personal, not ideological. He overreacts to criticism and luxuriates in personal feuds.President Obama’s greatest failure has been to govern in a deliberately polarizing fashion, and Mr. Trump’s response has been to campaign the same way. If the businessman loses a race that Republicans should win this year, one reason will be that his often harsh rhetoric has repelled women, minorities and younger voters. He ignores or twists inconvenient facts, and even when he has a good point his exaggerations make it harder to persuade the public. Yet a President needs the power to persuade.

The least convincing Never Trump argument is that he would rampage through government as an authoritarian. That ignores the checks and balances in Washington that constrain GOP Presidents in particular. If Mr. Trump wins, the media would awaken from their Obama-era slumbers and dog his Administration with a vengeance. The permanent bureaucracy would resist his political appointees, working with the media to build public opposition.The more realistic concern, especially for conservatives, is that Mr. Trump would be as haphazard in office as he has been as a candidate and thus fail to change Washington as he has promised. Mr. Trump would start out with more than half the country disliking him, and most of his advisers lack government experience. Too many blunders or an early recession could cause voters to sweep out the GOP Congress in 2018, setting up a return to an all-progressive government in 2020.

Another risk comes from the negative impulses on the political right that Mr. Trump’s meanest rhetoric has awakened. Populism has its uses, and the media stereotypes of Mr. Trump’s supporters don’t capture their variety and general goodwill. But populism becomes dangerous when it is rooted too much in ethnicity or class.

Mr. Trump’s Breitbart posse has a vendetta against Republicans on Capitol Hill and is motivated by brooding resentments that too often veer into white-identity politics. If Mr. Trump indulged these sentiments as President, he would further polarize the country and alienate non-whites for a generation.Then there is the biggest Trump gamble of all—foreign and security policy. The good news is that Mr. Trump wants to rebuild U.S. defenses that have eroded on Mr. Obama’s watch. He would be more candid about, and more aggressive against, the Islamist terror threat.Yet the irony is that Mr. Trump shares Mr. Obama’s desire to have America retreat from world leadership. Beyond “bombing the hell out of ISIS” and “taking the oil,” it isn’t clear the Republican has any idea what to do in the Middle East. As a rookie in world affairs, he would be unusually dependent on his advisers—if he listened to them.His seeming bromance with Vladimir Putin is especially troubling given the Russian’s aggression in the Middle East, Europe and cyberspace. Presidents Bush and Obama also underestimated Mr. Putin’s revanchism, but Mr. Trump has been all too nonchalant as Russia presses ahead. His instincts to retreat to a Fortress America could invite more aggression from Russia, China and Iran.

WSJ link

The Wall Street Journal hasn’t endorsed a presidential candidate since 1928, and if we didn’t endorse Ronald Reagan we aren’t about to revive the practice for Mrs. Clinton or Mr. Trump. Yet one of them will be the next President. The choice comes down to the very high if relatively predictable costs of four more years of brute progressive government under Hillary Clinton versus a gamble on the political unknown of Donald Trump.

Under pressure, Apple has cut prices on USB-C adapters

Posted By on November 5, 2016

While I continue to struggle with the "do I need a new notebook computer" question, I continue to frustrate myself with the old 2007 Gateway, iMac desktop and iPad? It would really be nice to have a fast, lightweight traveling notebook computer (with more than 30 minutes of battery life!), but have found that a full sized notebook is not needed much any more. It would be an easy call if not for just how comfortable I’ve become with the iPad Air2 and BrydgeKeyboard … but even that is starting to seem a little old in the tooth?

macbookprodongles

Perhaps my biggest GRIPE and concern is that even at the low end, the new Apple MacBook Pros are now really expensive. In looking at spending $1500 for a 13" model not to mention the necessary software or one with the storage or the new TouchBar, I may just continue to wait … or look for a discounted MacBook Air at half the price? 

Then there is "GRIPE 2" — a required dongle / adapter for everything. There are many existing items that "currently" don’t need USB-C / Thunderbolt 3 adapters. The new MacBook Pros don’t even have a slot for SD cards, USB Flash storage and run of the mill external hard drives. Other connectivity to monitors and TV using HDMI, USB, VGA or even Apple’s Thunderbolt 2 or Lightning requires an adapter cables. So much for traveling light? At any rate, Apple has heard the complaining and is lowering prices.

"We recognize that many users, especially pros, rely on legacy connectors to get work done today and they face a transition. We want to help them move to the latest technology and peripherals, as well as accelerate the growth of this new ecosystem. Through the end of the year, we are reducing prices on all USB-C and Thunderbolt 3 peripherals we sell, as well as the prices on Apple’s USB-C adapters and cables."

DiscountAppleDongles

The final "GRIPE" which really doesn’t impact me, is that the New MacBook Pro no longer uses the much loved Apple MagSafe power connection. It was a very nice feature and likely saved more than a few MacBook Pros from untimely deaths.

Still … I’m tempted to throw commonsense to the wind and order … and then wait 4-5 weeks for delivery!

TechFriday: Some cheap components have arrived from China

Posted By on November 4, 2016

The pile of new electrical parts in my photo likely doesn’t mean much to those who don’t enjoy tinkering with computer and robotic projects, but for me a novice in programming computers gadgets, it is an chance to learn on the cheap.PiToys161102

With the budget Raspberry Pi and Pine64 computers, beginners of “all ages” have opportunities to write code and see more than “on screen” results due to their tinkering. Cheap components available everywhere make experimenting and coding rewarding and is something those of use who are getting older can do to keep our minds active. Those of us closing in on retirement age will likely never be productive programmers, or the next innovated Silicone Valley billionaire (who knows tho?), but there is a small sense of accomplishment to seeing a tiny LED light blink after your first breadboard circuit! Stay tuned as “mentally” I’m looking forward to having fun learning at this “new to me” hobby.

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The above breadboard with LEDs is using the Pine64 GPIO 40 pins … but it is a bit trickier that using the Raspberry Pi. See Pine64 Pi Pinout chart.

Dad posts heartbreaking photo of daughter 

Posted By on November 3, 2016

jessicawhelancancerpain161103

This is not a feel photo or story, and I suspect like me, seeing 4 year-old Jessica Whelan suffering from cancer and in pain in front of her dad is enough to bring tears to the eyes of any parent. For those sheltered from this kind of agony, a social network shared photo like this speaks far more than words. Heart-wrenching.

“This is the true face of cancer,” dad says of his 4-year-old daughter
— CBS: Dad posts heartbreaking photo of daughter to show “reality” of cancer 

I’m so grateful for my family’s health and pray for Katelyn and Drew’s “Baby Oostra” growing in her mother (yes that is where my thoughts went immediately on seeing this photo). As a father  who has only experiencing a fraction of this kind of helplessness with my daughter many years ago, I can only imagine what pain a father must endure in watching his daughter suffering the pain of cancer. May God be with Jessica and her family.

Chicago Cubs are finally World Series Champions

Posted By on November 3, 2016

I had the best of intentions in updating a more complete rundown of World Series Game 7 between the Chicago Cubs and the Cleveland Indians, but with extra innings and a rain delay, the game went into the wee hours. Maybe more tomorrow?

For now, congratulations to the 2016 World Series Champions the Chicago Cubs by winning 8 – 7 in 10 innings – well deserved. It was a fantastic series, so thank you Cleveland Indians. You are still winners … taking the 108 year title from the Cubs to have the longest World Series drought. Ugh!

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Nothing like NYTimes Page A21 to inform readers #sarcasm

Posted By on November 2, 2016

While I suspect a Thursday post to be about game 7 of the World Series between the Cleveland Indians and Chicago Cubs (let’s just call them the comeback kids now that they have won the last 2 games and have tied the series up), I’ll post an election observation and get my bias media post out of the way today.

donald-trump-hillary-clinton-bffsThe battle of campaigns and slandering one another has taken a fever pitch. For Donald Trump’s part, the "crooked Hillary" moniker has taken hold and his campaign has a very long list of corruption spanning over 30 years to pick from. Some of the more recent are Mrs. Clinton getting a couple questions in advance for the debates from CNN, a trove of hacked emails showing dirty campaign tactics (like bird dogging) and potentially the most serious, the FBI reopening their probe into Clinton using a personal server, deleting of emails and lying about it. Some of those "thought to have been deleted" classified information emails are now suspected to be found on a laptop archiving some 650,000 emails belonging to the infamous sexting former congressman Anthony Weiner who is/was (??) husband to Hillary Clinton’s top aid Huma Abedin.

NYTimes_pageA21_161101

For Hillary Clinton’s campaign’s part, they are focusing on making Trump seem unfit to be president do to his "temperament" and lack of political experience, particularly foreign policy. The mainstream media, big Democratic donors and left leaning Hollywood crowd along with Clinton herself at stump speeches have also focused on the Trump organizations’ business ties around the world, particularly attempting to connect him to Russia. Unfortunately, there was not much substance to the claims and the media who quickly latched onto the hope to have something, have had to walk back the innuendo. Of course, left leaning "journalists" put the clarification where it gets noticed #sarcasm … like the New York Times putting in on A21!

For Republicans, getting fair treatment in many of the nations largest papers or major TV news networks continues to be an uphill battle … but thankfully most fair minded people recognize the bias against conservatives, the GOP and Donald Trump in particular.

We’re less than a week away from voting and the race has tightened … it does look like it is a toss-up at this point.

ABCWashingtonPost_Poll_161101

Can science and snakes help solve our Opioid problem?

Posted By on November 2, 2016

BlueCoralSnake

Our go-to pain killers are addictive and over prescribed … that’s a given. The problem is what can be done besides better management and stiffer penalties (debatable) to solve the near epidemic problem with Opioid addiction (PDF).

Enter the lowly venomous snake. Toxins in the venom of poisonous snakes have the properties of triggering nerves and muscles to spasm or go to go flaccid — this unique chemical reactions "could" be harnessed to combat pain among other things. Scientist are working with venoms like the extremely potent cytotoxin found in the long glands of Blue Coral Snakes (and Scorpions) that they call Calliotoxin that are know as 3FTx — three-finger toxin.  Pharmacology universities in Australia are currently providing the leading research into developing potentially new treatments based on this research.

For a bit more, read the September 2016 issue of Toxins – Volume 8, Issue 10 (EDIT: or an article in yesterday’s Washington Post).

Toxins 2016, 8(10), 303; doi:10.3390/toxins8100303
Article
The Snake with the Scorpion’s Sting: Novel Three-Finger Toxin Sodium Channel Activators from the Venom of the Long-Glanded Blue Coral Snake (Calliophis bivirgatus)
Daryl C. Yang 1,2,†, Jennifer R. Deuis 3,†, Daniel Dashevsky 2,†, James Dobson 2,†, Timothy N. W. Jackson 2, Andreas Brust 3, Bing Xie 4, Ivan Koludarov 2, Jordan Debono 2, Iwan Hendrikx 2, Wayne C. Hodgson 1, Peter Josh 5, Amanda Nouwens 5, Gregory J. Baillie 3, Timothy J. C. Bruxner 3, Paul F. Alewood 3, Kelvin Kok Peng Lim 6, Nathaniel Frank 7, Irina Vetter 3,8,* and Bryan G. Fry 2,*
1 Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
2 Venom Evolution Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
3 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
4 Bejing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
5 School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
6 Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377, Singapore
7 Mtoxins, 1111 Washington ave, Oshkosh, WI 54901, USA
8 School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba 4102, Australia
* Correspondence: Tel: +61-7-3346-2660 (I.V.); +61-4-0019-3182 (B.G.F.)
† These authors contributed equally to this work.
Academic Editor: Jan Tygat
Received: 15 September 2016 / Accepted: 10 October 2016 / Published: 18 October 2016

Abstract: Millions of years of evolution have fine-tuned the ability of venom peptides to rapidly incapacitate both prey and potential predators. Toxicofera reptiles are characterized by serous-secreting mandibular or maxillary glands with heightened levels of protein expression. These glands are the core anatomical components of the toxicoferan venom system, which exists in myriad points along an evolutionary continuum. Neofunctionalisation of toxins is facilitated by positive selection at functional hotspots on the ancestral protein and venom proteins have undergone dynamic diversification in helodermatid and varanid lizards as well as advanced snakes. A spectacular point on the venom system continuum is the long-glanded blue coral snake (Calliophis bivirgatus), a specialist feeder that preys on fast moving, venomous snakes which have both a high likelihood of prey escape but also represent significant danger to the predator itself. The maxillary venom glands of C. bivirgatus extend one quarter of the snake’s body length and nestle within the rib cavity. Despite the snake’s notoriety its venom has remained largely unstudied. Here we show that the venom uniquely produces spastic paralysis, in contrast to the flaccid paralysis typically produced by neurotoxic snake venoms. The toxin responsible, which we have called calliotoxin (δ-elapitoxin-Cb1a), is a three-finger toxin (3FTx). Calliotoxin shifts the voltage-dependence of NaV1.4 activation to more hyperpolarised potentials, inhibits inactivation, and produces large ramp currents, consistent with its profound effects on contractile force in an isolated skeletal muscle preparation. Voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV) are a particularly attractive pharmacological target as they are involved in almost all physiological processes including action potential generation and conduction. Accordingly, venom peptides that interfere with NaV function provide a key defensive and predatory advantage to a range of invertebrate venomous species including cone snails, scorpions, spiders, and anemones. Enhanced activation or delayed inactivation of sodium channels by toxins is associated with the extremely rapid onset of tetanic/excitatory paralysis in envenomed prey animals. A strong selection pressure exists for the evolution of such toxins where there is a high chance of prey escape. However, despite their prevalence in other venomous species, toxins causing delay of sodium channel inhibition have never previously been described in vertebrate venoms. Here we show that NaV modulators, convergent with those of invertebrates, have evolved in the venom of the long-glanded coral snake. Calliotoxin represents a functionally novel class of 3FTx and a structurally novel class of NaV toxins that will provide significant insights into the pharmacology and physiology of NaV. The toxin represents a remarkable case of functional convergence between invertebrate and vertebrate venom systems in response to similar selection pressures. These results underscore the dynamic evolution of the Toxicofera reptile system and reinforces the value of using evolution as a roadmap for biodiscovery.
Keywords: toxicofera; venom; evolution; neurotoxin; sodium channel; pharmacology
1. Introduction — > MORE

A WW2 map that illustrates the ugliness of war

Posted By on November 1, 2016

For those who study history and in particular World War II, this map illustrates the human toll on each country around the world. Likely the information is well know, but seeing the losses as a percentage of population suffered outside the United States visually leaves an impression.

Halloween evening. Waiting for Trick or Treaters

Posted By on October 31, 2016

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Just capturing a beautiful autumn sky as the Trick or Treat gang gets ready to make their rounds in the neighborhood this quiet Halloween night. Let’s hope I have enough candy as I’m giving out 5-bar packs tonight! (the last photo below I saw on Twitter … Brenda said I couldn’t share it when "Baby Oostra" after is born!) Ha!

TrickOrTreat2016 OldTruckPumpkinButtDisplay

Desultory - des-uhl-tawr-ee, -tohr-ee

  1. lacking in consistency, constancy, or visible order, disconnected; fitful: desultory conversation.
  2. digressing from or unconnected with the main subject; random: a desultory remark.
My Desultory Blog